8th Social Science | lesson 1 - Advent of the Europeans

8th Social Science | lesson 1 - Advent of the Europeans | Book Back Answers

I. Choose the correct answer:

1. Who laid the foundation of Portuguese power in India?

a) Vasco da Gama

b) Bartholomew Diaz

c) Alfonso de Albuquerque

d) Almeida

Answer:

d) Almeida

2. Which of the following European Nation was the foremost attempt to discover a sea route to India?

a) Dutch

b) Portugal

c) France

d) Britain

Answer:

b) Portugal

3. In 1453 Constantinople was captured by ………………. .

a) The French

b) The Turks

c) The Dutch

d) The British

Answer:

b) The Turks

4. Sir William Hawkins belonged to ………………. .

a) Portugal

b) Spain

c) England

d) France

Answer:

c) England

5. The first fort constructed by the British in India was ………………. .

a) Fort William

b) Fort St.George

c) Agra fort

d) Fort St. David

Answer:

a) Fort William

6. Who among the following Europeans were the last to come India as traders?

a) The British

b) The French

c) The Danish

d) The Portuguese

Answer:

b) The French

7. Tranquebar on the Tamil Nadu coast was a trade centre of the ………………. .

a) The Portuguese

b) The British

c) The French

d) The Danish

Answer:

d) The Danish

II. Fill in blanks.

1. National Archives of India (NAI) is located in ……………….

Answer:

New Delhi

2. Bartholomew Diaz, a Portuguese sailor was patronized by ……………….

Answer:

King John – II

3. The printing press in India was set up by ………………. at Goa in 1556.

Answer:

Portuguese

4. The Mughal Emperor ………………. permitted the English to trade in India.

Answer:

Jahangir

5. The French East India Company was formed by ……………….

Answer:

Colbert

6. ………………. the King of Denmark issued a charter to create Danish East India company.

Answer:

Christian IV

III. Match the following.

1. The Dutch a) 1664

2. The British b) 1602

3. The Danish c)1600

4. The French d) 1616

Answer:

1. The Dutch b) 1602

2. The British c) 1600

3. The Danish d)1616

4. The French a) 1664

IV. State true or false.

1. Auto biography is one of the written sources.

Answer:

True

2. Coins are one of the material sources.

Answer:

True

3. Ananda Rangam was a translator served under British.

Answer:

False

4. The place where historical documents are preserved is called archives.

Answer:

True

V. Consider the following statements and tick (✓) appropriate answer.

1. i) Governor Nino de Cunha moved Portuguese capital from Cochin to Goa.

ii) Portuguese were the last to leave from India.

iii) The Dutch founded their first factory at Surat.

iv) Sir Thomas Roe was sent to Jahangir’s court by King James I of England.

a) i & ii are Correct.

b) ii & iv are Correct,

c) iii is correct.

d) i, ii & iv are correct.

Answer:

d) i, ii & iv are correct.

2. Find out the wrong pair:

1. Francis Day – Denmark

2. Pedro Cabral – Portugal

3. Captain Hawkins – Britain

4. Colbert – France

Answer:

1. Francis Day – Denmark

VI. Answer the following in one or two sentences.

1. Give a short note on Archives?

Answer:

Archives is the place where historical documents are preserved. The National Archives of India (NAI) is located in New Delhi. It is the chief storehouse of the records of the government of India.

2. Write about the importance of Coins.

Answer:

Coins are a good source to know about administrative history.

3. Why Prince Henry is called ‘Henry the Navigator’?

Answer:

Prince Henry of Portugal, who is commonly known as the “Navigator”, encouraged his countrymen to take up the adventurous life of exploring the unknown regions of the world.

4. Name the important factories established by the Dutch in India.

Answer:

Masulipatnam, Pulicat, Surat, Patna, Chinsura, Kasim bazaar, Nagapatnam, Balasore and Cochin.

5. Mention the trading centers of the English in India.

Answer:

The English had established their trading centres at Surat, Agra, Ahmadabad, and Broach.

VII. Answer the following.

1. Give an account of the sources of Modern India.

Answer:

1. The sources for the history of modem India help us to know the political, socio-economic and cultural developments in the country.

2. The Portuguese, the Dutch, the French, the Danes, and the English recorded their official transactions in India on state papers.

3. History can be written with the help of written sources and material sources.

4. Written Sources:

After the advent of the printing press, books were published in different languages people began to acquire knowledge easily in the fields like art, literature, history, and science.

5. Written sources include Literatures, Travel Accounts, Diaries, Auto Biographies, Pamphlets, Government Documents and Manuscripts.

6. Archives:

It has a main source of information for understanding past administrative machinery as well as a guide to the present and future generations related to all matters.

7. Material Sources:

Paintings and statues are the main sources of modem Indian history which provide information about national leaders and historical personalities and their achievements.

8. Historical buildings and museums preserve and promote our cultural heritage,

9. Coins are a good source to know about administrative history.

2. How did the Portuguese establish their trading centres in India?

Answer:

During the 16th century, Portuguese succeeded in capturing Goa, Daman, Diu, Salsette, Bassein, Chaul and Bombay on the western coast, Hooghly on the Bengal coast and Santhome on the Madras coast and enjoyed good trade benefits.

The Portuguese brought the cultivation of tobacco to India. Due to the influence of Portuguese spread Catholic religion spread on India’s western and eastern coasts.

The printing press was set up by the Portuguese at Goa in 1556.

A scientific work on the Indian medicinal plants by a European writer was printed at Goa in 1563.

3. How did the British establish their trading centres in India?

Answer:

1. In 1600, Elizabeth, the Queen of England granted a charter to the governor and company of Merchants of London to trade with the East Indies.

2. The Company was headed by a Governor and a court of 24 directors.

3. Captain Hawkins visited Jahangir’s court and secured permission to raise a settlement at Surat which was cancelled later.

4. In 1612, the English Captain Thomas Best, inflicted a severe defeat over the Portuguese in a naval battle near Surat.

5. The Mughal Emperor Jahangir permitted the English to establish their factory in 1613 at Surat, which became the headquarters of the English in western India.

6. Captain Nicholas Downton won another decisive victory over the Portuguese in 1614.

7. This enhanced the British prestige at the Mughal court.

8. In 1615, Sir Thomas Roe was sent to Jahangir’s court by King James I of England, who succeeded in concluding a commercial treaty with the emperor

9. Before the departure of Sir Thomas Roe, the English had established their trading centres at Surat, Agra, Ahmadabad, and Broach.

IX. HOTS.

1. How did the fall of Constantinople affect the European nations?

Answer:

The fall of Constantinople was the end of an era for Europe as it severely hurt traders in the European region.

The land route between India and Europe was closed. The Turks penetrated into North Africa and the Balkan Peninsula.

It became imperative on the part of the European nations to discover new sea routes to the East.

8th Social Science Advent of the Europeans Additional Important Questions and Answers

I. Choose the correct answer.

1. The ……………… of India attracted Europeans to this country.

(a) Technology

(b) Machinery

(d) River

Answer:

(c) wealth

2. ……………….. was sent to the first governor for the Portuguese possessions in India.

a) Almeida

b) Vascoda Gama

c) Albu querque

d) Bartholomeu Diaz

Answer:

a) Almeida

3. In Pulicat, the fort built by the Dutch was …………………… .

a) Geldria Fort

b) St. George

c) William Fort

d) Red fort

Answer:

a) Geldria Fort

4. …………….. help to preserve and promote our cultural heritage.

(a) Parks

(b) Books

(d) Museums

Answer:

(d) Museums

5. A sailor who reached the southernmost point of Africa

a) Americo vesbuki

b) Bartholomew Diaz

c) Colombus

d) Macallan

Answer:

b) Bartholomew Diaz

6. The national Archives of India (NAI) in located in ……………… .

a) New Delhi

b) Chennai

c) Coimbatore

d) Thanjavur

Answer:

a) New Delhi

7. Who set up a printing press at Tranqueber (Tarangambadi)

a) G.U pope

b) Caldwell

c) John – d – Britto

d) Ziegenbalg

Answer:

d) Ziegenbalg

8. Battle of Plassey in the year ………………… .

a) 1757

b) 1758

c) 1759

d) 1760

Answer:

a) 1757

9. Battle of Buxar in the year ………………….

a) 1762

b) 1764

c) 1766

d) 1768

Answer:

b) 1764

10. Which Europeans came first to India as traders?

a) The French

b) The British

c) The Portuguese

d) The Dutch

Answer:

c) The Portuguese

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The place where document are presented in ……………….. .

Answer:

kalvi Mini